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Сопоставьте произношение звонких и глухих звуков. ⇐ ПредыдущаяСтр 3 из 3
[p] - [b] [k] - [ɡ ] [t] - [d] pea bee crew grew try dry pie buy sick fog true drew pap pub dock dog Kate laid pride bride pick big set said cap cab come gum built build
[f] - [v] [ð ] - [θ ] [s] - [z] fame vain though throw docks dogs few view those third said zed safe save this fifth peace please leaf leave that thin cease seize knife knives without teeth niece knees [t] - [ð ] [v – w – v – w] [ð – z – z –ð ] at this very well this is is that but that win victory that is is that just this wet weather there is is there what's this warm wind there was was there
Прочитайте в быстром темпе. a) My mother, my mother and my father, my mother, father and brother, my mother, father and brother go bathing, my mother, father and brother go bathing together. My mother, father and brother go bathing together in any weather. b) Frogs, funny frogs, fat funny frogs, is fond of fat funny frogs, Frank is fond of fat funny frogs, Frank Forman is fond of fat funny frogs. In fact, Frank Forman is fond of fat funny frogs, c) Language, the German language, learning the German language, Jim is learning the German language, Jack and Jim are learning the German language. Just imagine Jack and Jim are learning the German language.
Прочитайте пословицы и дайте русские эквиваленты. Practice makes perfect. Curiosity killed the cat. All's fair in love and war. Sickness in the body brings sadness to the mind. Two heads are better than one. So many countries, so many customs. Take us, as you find us. Much ado about nothing. Eat at pleasure, drink with measure. He laughs best who laughs last. Cold hand, warm heart.
Прочитайте стихи и скороговорки. а) I can think of six thin things, six thin things, can you? Yes, I can think of six thin things and of six thick things, too. b) She sells sea – shells on the seashore. The shells she sells are seashore shells, I'm sure, For if she sells sea – shells on the seashore,
Then I'm sure she sells seashore shells. c) Whether the weather be fine Whether the weather be not Whether the weather be cold Whether the weather be hot We'll weather the weather Whatever the weather Whether we like it or not. d) Father, mother, sister, brother, Hand in hand with one another.
Правила чтения Правильное чтение на английском языке основано на умении распознать положение, в котором встречается буква в каждом отдельном случае, и правильно произнести соответствующий звук. Это достигается сознательным усвоением правил чтения гласных и согласных, а также систематической тренировкой в чтении и артикуляции.
Правила чтения гласных букв и буквосочетаний Чтение гласных зависит от ряда факторов: 1) от типа слога, в котором она стоит (открытый, закрытый и т.п.); 2) от того, является она ударной или безударной; 3) от ее положения среди других букв, т.е. сколько и какие буквы следуют за ней или предшествуют ей.
Таблица чтения ударных и безударных гласных
Безударн. слог | ||||||||
(открытый или условно – открытый) тип слога | (закрытый) тип слога | (гласная+ r ) | (гласная + r + e ) | |||||
A a | [eı ] make | [æ ] cat | [ɑ: ] car | [ɛ ǝ ] share | [ǝ ] ago | |||
E e | [ı: ] Pete, we | [e] bed | [ǝ: ] her | [ı ǝ ] here | [ǝ ], [ı ] absent, darkness | |||
I i / Yy | [aı ] time, type | [ı ] sit, system | [ǝ: ] girl | [aı ǝ ] fire, tyre | [ı ] music, city | |||
U u | [ju: ] tube | [ʌ ] cup | [ǝ: ] burn | [juǝ ] cure | [ǝ ], [ju: ] success, unite | |||
O o | [ɔ u] note | [ɔ ] not | [ɔ: ] short | [ɔ: ] more | [ǝ ], [ɔ u] confer, metro |
Тренировочные упражнения
1. Прочитайте слова.
A a
[eı ] – name, late, lake, game, plane, mate
[æ ] – tram, can, map, stand, plan, factory
[ɑ: ] – hard, car, dark, start, party, farm
[ɛ ǝ ] – share, rare, care, compare, prepare, hare
[ǝ ] – ago, about, sofa, above, historical, legal
E e
[ı: ] – he, she, we, be, week, repeat
[e] – get, egg, fell, let, tent, ten
[ǝ: ] – her, term, verb, serve, prefer, person
[ı ǝ ] – here, mere, sphere, material, serial, period
[ı ], [ǝ ] – begin, return, ticket, sister, present, absent
I I / Y y
[aı ] – time, type, my, mine, fly, fine
[ı ] – it, ill, syntax, milk, system, wish
[ǝ: ] – sir, bird, girl, dirty, Byrn, myrtle
[aı ǝ ] – fire, lyre, hire, wire, tired, satire
[ı ] – engine, sorry, family, music, public, English
U u
[ju: ] – tune, student, use, union, human, pupil
[ʌ ] – cup, under, fun, uncle, butter, supper
[ǝ: ] – burn, burst, turn, return, Turkey, furniture
[ju: ] – pure, cure, lue, curious, during, secure
[ǝ ] – success, difficult, upon, product, cucumber, luxury
O o
[ɔ u] – home, hope, note, nose, rose, smoke
[ɔ ] – not, got, clock, fond, dog, shop
[ɔ: ] – or, nor, North, sport, lord, short
[ɔ: ] – ore, more, shore, explore, before, store
[ɔ u] – tomato, photo, metro, potato, negro, zero
2. Распределите слова по четырем колонкам, пользуясь правилами чтения гласных букв в ударном слоге.
Evening, morning, square, Rome, China, comrade, spring, summer, winter, duty, art, picture, try, enter, hurry, tired, write, report, well, prepare, whole, return, scenery, difficult, department, combine, time, during, term, parents, hope, spoke, store.
Таблица чтения буквосочетаний гласных
Буква | Буквосочетания | Звук | Примеры |
A a | a ₊ ir ay, ai a ₊ n a ₊ f a ₊ s ₊ согласная a ₊ th a ₊ l a ₊ ll a ₊ lk w ₊ ar w (h) ₊ a aw a ₊ nge au (gh) | [ɛ ǝ ] [eı ] [ɑ: ] [ɔ: ] [wɔ ] [ɔ: ] [eı ] [ɔ: ] | air, hair, chair, pair, fair play, pay, say, day, today plant, branch, can't after, craft grass, class, fast, task path, rather, father half, palm all, ball, tall, call, small chalk, talk, walk war, warm, award, reward was, what, want, wash, watch law, saw, draw, strawberry change, strange, exchange author, autumn, daughter, caught |
E e | ee, ea ea ₊ d, th, lth но: ea ₊ r ₊ согл. ear, eer ew ei er ( в суффиксе) ey ( под ударением) но: ey ( в неударном слоге) | [ı: ] [e] [ǝ: ] [ı ǝ ] [ju: ] [ı: ] [ǝ ] [eı ] [ı ] | see, meet, tree, green, sea, meat, tea head, dead, bread, death, health earn, earth, early, learn hear, near, ear, clear, dear, fear new, knew, newspaper, few ceiling, receive, deceive, seize worker, driver, painter they, grey, obey money, hockey, trolley |
I i | ie ( перед согласной) ie ( в конце слова) igh i ₊ nd i ₊ ld | [ı: ] [aı ] [aı ] | field, pierce, niece, brief, chief lie, tie, die night, fight, high, sigh, flight kind, find, mind, blind но: wind, window mild, child но: children |
O o | oo ₊ n, l oo ₊ k ou ough ₊ t oa ow – в середине слова ow - в конце слова oy, oi o ₊ ld our our, ower o ₊ m, n, v, th ous or | [u: ] [u] [au] [ɔ: ] [ɔ u] [au] [ou] [ɔ ı ] [ou] [ɔ: ] [auǝ ] [ʌ ] [u] [ǝ ] [ǝ ] | moon, soon, too, spoon look, book, took, cook house, round, out но: should, could bought, thought, brought coat, boat, soap, road, toast town, brown, down, power window, slow, row, snow, grow но: now, how choice, coin, boil old, cold, sold, hold, told four, court, course, your our, hour, shower, flower, tower some, among, money, glove, mother но: prove, move, movement famous, dangerous, various doctor, tractor, conductor |
U u | ue после r, l ure - в открытом слоге после – s u – в закрытом слоге после f, p, b u - в открытом слоге после r, j | [ju: ] [u: ] [uǝ ] [ʌ ] [u] [u: ] | due, sue, hue true, blue sure, surely но: sugar full, push, bush, bull rule, June, jubilee, rumour |
Y y | перед гласной в начале слова в безударном положении на конце слова | [j] [ı ] | yes, yet, year, yesterday city, money, holiday, lady, lazy, fifty |
Тренировочные упражнения
Прочитайте слова.
[ı: ] – we, week, weak, field, receive, he, seek, speak, piece, deceive
[ɑ: ] – far, father, pass, ask, half, plant, hard, rather, grass, task, calm, can't
[ɔ: ] – short, all, author, daughter, fought, war, door, fall, because, taught
[ɔ u] – stone, boat, low, cold, spoke, soap, show, most, whole, know
[au] – found, how, round, now, out, down, South
[ɔ ı ] – boil, toy, coin, joy, spoil, enjoy, soil, boy
[aı ] – fine, fight, child, kind, sign, life, night, mild, mind, design
[eı ] – make, rain, day, grey, eight, lake, wait, say, they, weigh, neighbour
[ǝ: ] – person, shirt, curtain, early, world, term, skirt, burn, earn, worth
[ʌ ] – must, love, young, blood, enough, cup, some, trouble, tough
[u: ] – do, moon, group, move, spoon, rouble
[uǝ ] – poor, moor, tour, tourist
[ɛ ǝ ] – parents, pair, there, bear, spare, hair, where, pear
[ı ǝ ] – near, dear, here, mere
2. Подготовьте фонетическое чтение текста.
We have three meals a day: breakfast, dinner and supper. We usually do not have lunch. As a rule we have bread and butter, eggs, ham or sausage for breakfast. We also drink a cup of tea or coffee. I like strong coffee. I don't like coffee with milk. On weekdays we have our dinner at the canteen. The canteen is near our office. It's a self – service canteen. Usually we take salad, soup, beefsteak with vegetables or potatoes. For dessert we take stewed fruit. When we come home from work we have our supper: fish or meat, cheese, bread, butter and tea. We try to obey the rule: " Eat at pleasure, drink with measure".
2. Запишите парами слова, имеющие различное написание, но одинаковое звучание:
Our, meat, peace, cent, knew, too, sea, there, whole, fool, be, flower, week, their, see, two, new, sent, piece, meet, hole, full, hour, flour, weak, bee.
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